Tuesday, September 30, 2014

Digested Cases in Legal Prof 11 - 15

11 TING-DUMALI v TORRES


FACTS:
§   Isidra Ting-Dumali charges Rolando Torres with violating his oath as a lawyer and canons of legal and judicial ethics.
§   Isidra’s parents died intestate and left many parcels of land to their 6 children (Isidra, Marcelina, Miriam, Eliseo and Vicente and Felicisima (married to Rolando Torres))
§   Torres consented to the forgery of Isidra’s signature for an Extrajudicial settlement making it appear that his wife and Miriam were the only sole heirs.
§   Torres, on a reconstitution hearing, presented false testimony that Miriam and Felicisima were the only sole heirs
§   Torres presented the reconstituted deed to the RD to enable them to profit by selling the land
§   Torres contends that his acts were done in good faith believing for himself that his and the siblings had already agreed on how to dispose of the said lot. That the false testimony was a clear oversight. And that his conformity through his signature was pro forma because the property was a paraphernal property of Marcelina and his wife.
§   Investigating Commissioner of IBP suggested disbarment

ISSUE: WoN Torres should be disbarred?

HELD: YES

RATIO:
1.        The lawyer’s oath, to which all lawyers have subscribed in solemn agreement to dedicate themselves to the pursuit of justice, is not a mere ceremony or formality for practicing law to be forgotten afterwards, nor is it mere words, drift and hollow, but a sacred trust that lawyers must uphold and keep inviolable at all times.
2.        A lawyer is the servant of the law and belongs to a profession to which society has entrusted the administration of law and the dispensation of justice, he should make himself more an exemplar for others to emulate and he should make himself more an exemplar for others to emulate and he should not engage in unlawful, dishonest, immoral or deceitful conduct.
3.        The supreme penalty of disbarment is meted out only in clear cases of misconduct that seriously affect the standing and character of the lawyer as an officer of the court and member of the bar.


12 MACARRUBO v MACARRUBO


Facts:
Florence Macarrubo by herself and on behalf of her 2 children files a complaint for disbarment against Edmundo Macarrubo alleging that Edmundo deceived her
into marrying him despite his prior subsisting marriage with a certain  Helen Esparza.

Florence further averred that Edmundo entered into a 3rd marriage with Josephine Constantino; and that he abandoned Florence without providing them w/ regular
support.

Edmundo denied the allegations, insisting instead that complainant Florence was fully aware of his prior subsisting marriage, but that Florence dragged Edmundo against his will to a 'sham wedding'.

Edmundo submitted the decision of RTC declaring his marriage to complainant void ab initio.  Edmundo claimed that he left complainant and their 2 children w/ her consent.

Issue:
W/n Edmundo should be disbarred...

Held:
Yes.
Facts show that while Edmundo has a subsisting marriage w/ Helen Esparza s/ whom he had 2 children, he entered into a 2nd marriage with complainant.  While the
marriage between complainant Florence and Edmundo has been annulled by final judgment, this does not cleanse his conduct of impropriety.

Even assuming arguendo that Edmunod was coerced by complainant to marry her, the duress has ceased after wedding day.  Edmundo having freely cohabited with her
and even begot a 2nd child.

The decision of RTC annulling their marriage is not res judicata on the final resolution of this case.  A disbarment case is sui generis for it is neither purely civil nor criminal but is rather an investigation by the court on the conduct of its officers.

13 SICAT v ARIOLA

Facts:
§ Arturo Sicat, Board Member of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan of Rizal charged Atty. Gregorio E. Ariola  of committing fraud, deceit, and falsehood in notarizing a Special Power of Attorney (SPA).
§ Said SPA was purportedly executed by Juanito Benitez, of the JC Benitez Architect and Technical Management.  Said company had a contract with the Municipality of Cainta for the construction of low cost houses.
§ What is fraudulent about it is the fact that the SPA was notarized more than 2 months after the death of Benitez, the person who supposedly executed it.
§ P3,700T was paid to JC Benitez Architect and Technical Management for services not rendered (as consultants).
§ Ariola claims that the document he notarized was superfluous and unnecessary, and prejudiced no one, and therefore he should be exonerated – the document was cancelled the same day he notarized it, hence legally there was no public document that existed.

Issue:
§ W/N Ariola can be held liable.

Held:
§ Yes.
§ Notaries public should not authenticate documents unless the persons who signed them are the very same persons who executed them an personally appeared before the, to attest to the contents and truth of what are stated therein.
§ His assertion of falsehood in a public document contravened one of the most cherished tenets of the legal profession and potentially cast suspicion on the truthfulness of every notarial act.
§ Ariola is disbarred, and not merely suspended for a year.

14 CHUA v MESINA, Jr


Facts:
§ Atty Simeon Mesina is the legal counsel of spouses Anna Chua and Chua An. The spouses leased a building owned by Mesina’s family. The property, however, was actually mortgaged in favor of a bank for a loan obtained by Mesina’s mother—Felicisima Melencio (who was the registered owner as well).
§ When Felicisima failed to meet her obligations to the bank, the spouses were convinced by Mesina to help his mother in consideration for the purchase of the same lot at a certain price. A deed of sale was made conveying the property to the spouses.
§ But when the spouses were appraised for capital gains tax, Atty Mesina suggested to execute another deed of sale—this time, the date of the transaction is 1979, which is before the effectivity of the law imposing capital gains tax.
§ Not long after the title was handed over to the spouses, another lessee of the building—Tecson—questioned the transaction as he was, himself, interested in buying the property. Tecson filed charges for falsification of documents.
§ To avoid the falsification charge, Mesina proposed to simulate a deed of sale wherein the spouses would appear to resell the property to Felicisima. A new title was issued to Felicisima by virtue of said deed but this was entrusted in the hands of the spouses.
§ Later on, Tecson desisted from pursuing the charges. Meanwhile, Mesina borrowed the title of the property from the spouses and promised to transfer, yet again, title in the name of the spouses.
§ But Mesina failed to effect such transfer and the spouses learned that the property is being offered to a public sale. Hence the action. The case was investigated by the IBP and recommended that Mesina be suspended for gross misconduct.

Issue:
Was Atty. Mesina guilty of gross misconduct?

Held:
Blimey! Of course! When Atty Mesina advised Chua to execute a deed of sale antedated to 1979 to evade payment of capital gains tax, he violated his duty to promote respect for law and legal processes. When he convinced Chua to execute another deed to make it appear that the property was conveyed back to Felicisima, Mesina committed dishonesty. And when he obtained the title upon the misrepresentation that he will return the same after 4 months, he committed dishonesty again. There were also badges of fraud that can be attributed to Mesina as there were marked differences in the signatures of Felicisima.

Clearly, Mesina violated his oath of office and Canons 1, 7, 15, and 17 of the Code of Professional Responsibility. His disbarment is warranted.

15 DE YSASI III v NLRC

FACTS
§ This is a case filed by a son against his father
§ ‘Father’ employed ‘Son’ as farm administrator of Hacienda Manucao
§ ‘Son’ suffered various ailments and was hospitalized on 2 separate occasions, June and August 1982
§ ‘Father’ took care of medical expenses while son continued to receive compensation
§ However, in April 1984, ‘Father’ ceased to pay ‘Son’s’ salary
§ ‘Son’ filed an action in NLRC for illegal dismissal with prayer for reinstatement without loss of seniority rights and payment of full 
             back wages
§ NLRC dismissed case stating that ‘Son’ has abandoned his work and termination is for a valid cause though ordered ‘Father’ to pay P5,000 as penalty for failure to serve notice of said termination to son



ISSUE                     W/N SON WAS ILLEGALLY DISMISSED

HELD                     YES

RATIO
§ Article 282 of Labor Code enumerates causes for which an employer may valid terminate an employment
§ ‘Father’ banks on the fact that ‘Son’ has abandoned his work
§ However, to constitute abandonment there must be a clear, deliberate and justified refusal to resume employment and not mere absence
§ In the case at bar, the reason for the ‘Son’s’ absence was due to his illness of which Father was aware of since he paid hospital and medical bills
§ ‘Father’ is ordered to pay ‘Son’ backwages in lieu of reinstatement and separation pay equivalent to 1 month for every year of service

ISSUE     W/N COUNSELS OF EACH PARTY ACTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CODE OF PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY

HELD                     NO

RATIO
§ Rule 1.04 of the Code of Responsibility explicitly provides “a lawyer shall encourage his client to avoid, end or settle the controversy if it will admit of a fair settlement”
§ In the case at bar, records do not show that counsel of both parties took pains to initiate steps geared toward a rapprochment between their clients

§ In the same manner, the labor arbiter has been less than faithful to the spirit of the Labor Code as he did not exert all efforts towards the amicable settlement of the labor dispute

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